历年英语真题7篇（全文完整）

历年英语真题第1篇PassageOneQuestions46to50arebasedonthefollowingForthousandsofyears,peoplehaveknownthatthebe下面是小编为大家整理的历年英语真题7篇,供大家参考。

历年英语真题 第1篇

Passage One

Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following

For thousands of years, people have known that the best way to understand a concept is to explain it to someone "While we teach, we learn," said Roman philosopher Now scientists are bringing this ancient wisdom They"re documenting why teaching is such a fruitful way to learn, and designing innovative ways for young people to engage in

Researchers have found that students who sign up to tutor others work harder to understand the material, recall it more accurately and apply it more Student teachers score higher on tests than pupils who"re learning only for their own But how can children, still learning themselves, teach others? One answer: They can tutor younger Some studies have found that first-born children are more intelligent than their later-born siblings (兄弟姐妹). This suggests their higher IQs result from the time they spend teaching their Now educators are experimenting with ways to apply this model to academic They engage college undergraduates to teach computer science to high school students, who in turn instruct middle school students on the

But the most cutting-edge tool under development is the "teachable agent"—a computerized character who learns, tries, makes mistakes and asks questions just like a real-world Computer scientists have created an animated (动画的) figure called Betty"s Brain, who has been "taught" about environmental science by hundreds of middle school Student teachers are motivated to help Betty master certain While preparing to teach, they organize their knowledge and improve their own And as they explain the information to it, they identify problems in their own

Feedback from the teachable agents further enhances the tutors" The agents" questions compel student tutors to think and explain the materials in different ways, and watching the agent solve problems allows them to see their knowledge put into

Above all, it"s the emotions one experiences in teaching that facilitate Student tutors feel upset when their teachable agents fail, but happy when these virtual pupils succeed as they derive pride and satisfaction from someone else"s

What are researchers rediscovering through their studies?

"s thinking is still applicable

learners will become better

intelligence tends to grow with

thinking improves

What do we learn about Betty"s Brain?

is a character in a popular

is a teaching tool under

is a cutting-edge app in digital

is a tutor for computer science

How does teaching others benefit student tutors?

makes them aware of what they are strong

motivates them to try novel ways of

helps them learn their academic subjects

enables them to better understand their

What do students do to teach their teachable agents?

motivate them to think

ask them to design their own

encourage them to give prompt

use various ways to explain the

What is the key factor that eases student tutors" learning?

sense of  

emotional  

learning strategy

teaching experience

Passage Two

Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following

A new batch of young women—members of the so-called Millennial (千禧的) generation—has been entering the workforce for the past At the starting line of their careers, they are better educated than their mothers and grandmothers had been—or than their young male counterparts are But when they look ahead, they see roadblocks to their They believe that women are paid less than men for doing the same They think it"s easier for men to get top executive jobs than it is for And they assume that if and when they have children, it will be even harder for them to advance in their

While the public sees greater workplace equality between men and women now than it did 20-30 years ago, most believe more change is Among Millennial women, 75% say this country needs to continue making changes to achieve gender equality in the workplace, compared with 57% of Millennial Even so, relatively few young women (15%) say they have been discriminated against at work because of their

As Millennial women come of age they share many of the same views and values about work as their male They want jobs that provide security and flexibility, and they place relatively little importance on high At the same time, however, young working women are less likely than men to aim at top management jobs: 34% say they"re not interested in becoming a boss or top manager; only 24% of young men say the The gender gap on this question is even wider among working adults in their 30s and 40s, when many women face the trade-offs that go with work and

These findings are based on a new Pew Research Center survey of 2,002 adults, including 810 Millennials (ages 18-32), conducted 7-27, The survey finds that, in spite of the dramatic gains women have made in educational attainment and labor force participation in recent decades, young women view this as a man"s world—just as middle-aged and older women

do we learn from the first paragraph about Millennial women starting their careers?

can get ahead only by striving

expect to succeed just like Millennial

are generally quite optimistic about their

are better educated than their male

do most Millennial women feel about their treatment in the workplace?

are the target of  

find it satisfactory on the

think it needs further

find their complaints

do Millennial women value most when coming of age?

sense of  

stability and

and

derived from

are women in their 30s and 40s concerned about?

welfare of their  

narrowing of the gender  

fulfillment of their dreams in

balance between work and

conclusion can be drawn about Millennial women from the 20XX survey?

still view this world as one dominated by

account for half the workforce in the job

see the world differently from older

do better in work than their male

Passage one

Passage two

历年英语真题 第2篇

discard 丢牌,废牌 丢弃,抛弃 丢牌

drawback 不利点,退税

exclamation 惊呼, 惊叹词

purchase 购买, 购买的物品 支点; 紧握, 抓紧 购买, 赢得; (用设备)举起, 移动

struggle 竞争,努力,奋斗 努力,奋斗,挣扎

enthusiasm 热心，热忱，热情

scholarship 奖学金, 学问, 学识

proportion 比例,均衡,部分 使成比例,使均衡,分摊

supplement 补充物,增刊 补充,增补

reserve 预备品, 贮存, 候补 克制, 含蓄 保留, 预订, 延期

affordable 支付得起的, 不太昂贵的

comparison 比较

ignorance 无知

ignore 不顾,不理,忽视

modest 谦虚的, 适度的, 端庄的

probation 试用; 缓刑; 查验 举例

illustrate 举例说明,作图解 举例

exaggeration 夸张，夸大

tolerant 宽容的, 容忍的

substance 物质,实质,内容,重要性,财产

guidance 引导,指导,导航系统

pattern 图案, 式样, 典范 以图案装饰; 仿造, 模仿

limpid 清澈的，清晰的

exceptional 例外的,异常的,特别的

except 除,除外 除了之外,若不是,除非

electronic 电子的; 电子操纵的; 用电子设备生产的; 用电子设备完成的

arise 上升,引起,出现

rise 上升,增加,小山 升起,起身,上升,(日、月、星)升起

diverse 不同的,相异的,多种多样的

entitlement 权利

metropolitan 大都市的居民,大主教,母国的居民 大都市的,大主教区的,母国的

inspiration 灵感,吸入,鼓舞人心(的东西)

aggravate 使恶化,使更严重 [口]激怒

perform 执行, 表演, 做

homogenize 使均匀，使均质

accelerate 加速,提前,跳级 加速

agriculture 农业

incredible 难以置信的, 惊人的

thermal 热的,热量的,保热的 上升的热气流

account 账，账目; 存款; 记述，报告; 理由 解释; 导致; 报账 认为; 把…视作

greed 贪心, 贪婪

uniform 一致的,统一的 制服 穿制服

counter 计算器,计算者,柜台 [计算机] 计数器 相反的 与…相反地 反对,反击 反对,反击

encounter 意外的相见,遭遇 & 遇到,偶然碰到,遭遇

mechanic 手工的 技工,机修工

schooling 学校教育, 学费 动词school的现在分词形式

dispensable 不是必要的, 可有可无的

dispend 用,浪费

conservation 保存, 防止流失, 守恒, 保护自然资源

conservatism 保守主义, 守旧性

indispensable 不可缺少的

历年英语真题 第3篇

六级写作

Part I Writing (30 minutes)

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay on the importance of having a sense of social You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

六级听力

Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)

听力音频MP3文件，点击进入听力真题页面

Section A

Directions: In this section, you will hear two long At the end of each conversation, you will hear four Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the

Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just

A) Magazine

B) Fashion

C) Website

D) Features

A) Designing sports

B) Consulting fashion

C) Answering daily

D) Interviewing

A) It is

B) It is

C) It is

D) It is

A) Her

B) Her

C) Her

D) Her

Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just

A) It is

B) It is

C) It is divorced from real

D) It is adapted from a

A) All the roles are played by famous actors and

B) It is based on the real-life experiences of some

C) Its plots and events reveal a lot about Frankie "s actual

D) It is written, directed, edited and produced by Frankie

A) Go to the theater and enjoy

B) Recommend it to her

C) Watch it with the

D) Download and watch

A) It has drawn criticisms from

B) It has been showing for over a

C) It is a ridiculous piece of

D) It is against common

Section B

Directions: In this section, you will hear two At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the

Questions 9 to 11 are based on the passage you have just

) They ate likely to get injured when moving too

B) They believe in team spirit for good

C) They need to keep moving to avoid getting

D) They have to learn how to avoid body

A) They do not have many years to live after

B) They tend to live a longer lite with early

C) They do not start enjoying life until full

D) They keep themselves busy even after

A) It prevents us from

B) It slows down our aging

C) It enables us to accomplish more in

D) It provides us with more chances to

Questions 12 to 15 are based on the passage you have just

A) It tends to dwell upon their joyous

B) It wanders for almost half of their waking

C) It has trouble concentrating after a brain

D) It tends to be affected by their negative

A) To find how happiness relates to

B) To observe how one"s mind affects one’s

C) To see why daydreaming impacts what one is

D) To study the relation between health and

A) It helps them make good

B) It helps them tap their

C) It contributes to their

D) It contributes to clear

A) Subjects with clear goals in mind outperformed those without clear

B) The difference in performance between the two groups was

C) Non-daydreamers were more focused on their tasks than

D) Daydreamers did better than non-daydreamers in task

Section C

Directions: In this section, you will hear three recordings of lectures or talks followed by three or four The recordings will be played only After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the

Questions 16 to 18 are based on the recording you have just

A) They are the oldest buildings In

B) They are part of the Christian

C) They are renovated to attract

D) They are in worsening

A) They have a history of 14

B) They are 40 metres tall on

C) They are without foundations。

D) They consist of several

A) Wood was harmonious with

B) Wooden buildings kept the cold

C) Timber was abundant in

D) The Vikings liked wooden

Questions 19 to 21 are based on the recording you have just

A) Similarities between human babies and baby

B) Cognitive features of different newly born

C) Adults" influence on

D) Abilities of human

A) They can distinguish a happy tune from a sad

B) They love happy melodies more than sad

C) They fall asleep easily while listening to

D) They are already sensitive to beats and

A) Infants" facial

B) Babies"

C) Babies" interaction with

D) Infants"

Questions 22 to 25 are based on the recording you have just

A) It may harm the culture of today"s

B) It may hinder individual career

C) It may result in unwillingness to take

D) It may put too much pressure on team

A) They can hardly give expression to their original

B) They can become less motivated to do projects of their

C) They may find it hard to get their contributions

D) They may eventually lose their confidence and

A) They can enlarge their professional

B) They can get chances to engage in

C) They can make the best use of their

D) They can complete the project more

A) It may cause lots of arguments in a

B) It may prevent making a timely

C) It may give rise to a lot of unnecessary

D) It may deprive a team of business

六级阅读

Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)

Section A

Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the Read the passage through carefully before making your Each choice in the bank is identified by a Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the You may not use any of the words in the bank more than

When considering risk factors associated with serious chronic diseases, we often think about health indicators such as cholesterol, blood pressure, and body But poor diet and physical inactivity also each increase the risk of heart disease and have a role to play in the development of some Perhaps worse, the __26__ effects of an unhealthy diet and insufficient exercise are not limited to your Recent research has also shown that __27__ in a high-fat and high-sugar diet may have negative effects on your brain, causing learning and memory

Studies have found obesity is associated with impairments in cognitive functioning, as __29__ by a range of learning and memory tests, such as the ability to remember a list of words presented some minutes or hours There is also a growing body of evidence that diet induced cognitive impairments can emerge __30__ within weeks or even For example, one study found healthy adults __31__ to a high-fat diet for five days showed impaired attention, memory, and mood compared with a low-fat diet control Another study also found eating a high-fat and high-sugar breakfast each day for as little as four days resulted in problems with learning and memory __32__ to those observed in overweight and obese

Body weight was not hugely different between the groups eating a healthy diet and those on high and sugar So this shows negative __33__ of poor dietary intake can occur even when body weight has not changed Thus, body weight is not always the best indicator of health and a thin person still needs to eat well and exercise

A)assessed B)assigned C)consequences D)conspicuously E)deficits F)designated G)detrimental H)digestion I)excelling J)indulging K)loopholes L)rapidly M)redundant N)regularly O)similar

Section B

Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to Each statement contains information given in one of the Identify the paragraph from which the information is You may choose a paragraph more than Each paragraph is marked with a Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet

Increased Screen Time and Wellbeing Decline in Youth

A) Have young people never had it so good? Or do they face more challenges than any previous generation? Our current era in the West is one of high This means minors enjoy material benefits and legal protections that would have been the envy of those living in the But There is an increasing suspicion that all is not well for our And one of the most popular explanations, among some experts and the popular media, is that excessive "screen time" is to (This refers to all the attention young people devote to their phones, tablets and ) However, this is a contentious theory and such claims have been treated skeptically by some scholars based on their reading of the relevant

B) Now a new study has provided another contribution to the debate, uncovering strong evidence that adolescent wellbeing in the United States really is experiencing a decline and arguing that the most likely cause is the electronic riches we have given The background to this is that from the 1960s into the early 20XXs, measures of average wellbeing went up in the This was especially true for younger It reflected the fact that these decades saw a climb in general standards of living and avoidance of mass societal traumas like full-scale war or economic However, the "screen time" hypothesis, advanced by researchers such as Jean Twenge, is that electronic devices and excessive time spent online may have reversed these trends in recent years, causing problems for young people"s psychological

C) To investigate, Twenge and her colleagues dived into the "Monitoring the Future" dataset based on annual surveys of American school students from grades 8, 10, and 12 that started in In total, million young people answered various questions related to their Twenge"s team"s analysis of the answers confirmed the earlier, well-established wellbeing climb, with scores rising across the 1990s, and into the later 20XXs，This was found across measures like self-esteem, life satisfaction, happiness and satisfaction with individual domains like job, neighborhood, or But around 20XX these measures started to This continued through 20XX, the most recent year for which data is

D) Twenge and her colleagues wanted to understand why this change in average wellbeing However, it is very hard to demonstrate causes using non-experimental data such as In fact, when Twenge previously used this data to suggest a screen time effect, some commentators were quick to raise this They argued that her causal-sounding claims rested on correlational data, and that she had not adequately accounted for other potential causal This time around, Twenge and her team make a point of saying that they are not trying to establish causes as such, but that they are assessing the plausibility of potential

E) First, they explain that if a given variable is playing a role in affecting wellbeing, then we should expect any change in that variable to correlate with the observed changes in If not, it is not plausible that the variable is a causal So the researchers looked at time spent in a number of activities that could plausibly be driving the wellbeing Less sport, and fewer meetings with peers correlated with lower wellbeing, as did less time reading print media (newspapers) and, surprisingly, less time doing (This last finding would appear to contradict another popular hypothesis that it is our burdening of students with assignment that is causing all the problems,) In addition, more TV watching and more electronic communication both correlated with lower All these effects held true for measures of happiness, life satisfaction and self-esteem, with the effects stronger in the 8th and

F) Next, Twenge"s team dug a little deeper into the data on screen They found that adolescents who spent a very small amount of time on digital devices- a couple of hours a week- had the highest Their wellbeing was even higher than those who never used such However, higher doses of screen time were clearly associated with lower Those spending 10-19 hours per week on their devices were 41 percent more likely to be unhappy than lower-frequency Those who used such devices 40 hours a week or more (one in ten teenagers) were twice as likely to be The data was slightly complicated by the fact that there was a tendency for kids who were social in the real world to also use more online communication, but by bracketing out different cases it became clear that the real-world sociality component correlated with greater wellbeing, whereas greater time on screens or online only correlated with poorer

G) So far, so But the next question is, are the drops in average wellbeing happening at the same time as trends toward increased electronic device usage? It looks like it- -after all, 20XX was the tipping point when more than half of Americans began owning Twenge and her colleagues also found that across the key years of 20XX-16, wellbeing was indeed lowest in years where adolescents spent more time online, on social media, and reading news online, and when more youth in the United States had And in a second analysis, they, found that where technology went, dips in wellbeing For instance, years with a larger increase in online usage were followed by years with lower wellbeing, rather than the other way This does not prove causality, but is consistent with Meanwhile, TV use did not show this TV might make you less happy, but this is not what seems to be driving the recent declines in young people"s average

H) A similar but reversed pattern was found for the activities associated with greater For example, years when people spent more time with friends were better years for wellbeing (and followed by better years). Sadly, the data also showed face-to-face socializing and sports activity had declined over the period covered by the

I) There is another explanation that Twenge and her colleagues wanted to address; the impact of the great recession of 20XX-20XX, which hit a great number of American families and might be affecting The dataset they used did not include economic data, so instead the researchers looked at whether the 20XX-16 wellbeing decline was tracking economic "They found some evidence that some crude measures, like income inequality, correlated with changes in wellbeing, but economic measures with a more direct impact, like family income and unemployment rates (which put families into difficulties), had no relationship with The researchers also note the recession hit some years before we see the beginning of the wellbeing drop, and before the steepest wellbeing decline, which occurred in

J) The researchers conclude that electronic communication was the only adolescent activity that increased at the same time psychological wellbeing I suspect that some experts in the field will be keen to address alterative explanations, such as unassessed variables playing a role in the wellbeing But the new work does go further than previous research and suggests that screen time should still be considered a potential barrier to young people"s

year when most Americans began using smartphones was identified as a turning point in young Americans" level of

in various wellbeing measures began to go downward among young Americans in recent

, activities involving direct contact with people, which contributed to better wellbeing were found to be on the

response to past critics, Twenge and her co-researchers stress they are not trying to prove that the use of digital devices reduces young people"s

the last few decades of the 20th century, living standards went up and economic depressions were largely averted in the

to popular belief, doing homework might add to students"

author believes the researchers" new study has gone a step further regarding the impact of screen time on

researchers found that extended screen time makes young people less

reveals that economic inequality rather than family income might affect people"s

much screen time is widely believed to be the cause of unhappiness among today"s young

Section C

Directions: There are 2 passages in this Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the

Passage One

Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following

"The dangerous thing about lying is people don"t understand how the act changes us," says Dan Ariely, behavioral psychologist at Duke Psychologists have documented children lying as early as the age of Some experts even consider lying a developmental milestone, like crawling and walking, because it requires sophisticated planning, attention and the ability to see a situation from someone else"s perspective to manipulate But, for most people, lying gets limited as we develop a sense of morality and the ability to

Harvard cognitive neuroscientist Joshua Greene for most of us, lying takes In studies, he gave subjects a chance to deceive for monetary gain while examining their brains in a functional MRI machine，which maps blood flow to active parts of the Some people told the truth instantly and But others opted to lie, and they showed increased activity in their frontal parietal (颅腔壁的) control network, which is involved in difficult or complex This suggests that they were deciding between truth and dishonesty and ultimately opting for the For a follow-up analysis, he found that people whose neural(神经的)reward centres were more active when they won money were also more likely to be among the group of liars- suggesting that lying may have to do with the inability to resist

Extremal conditions also matter in terms of when and how often we We are more likely to lie, research shows, when we are able to rationalise it, when we are stressed and fatigued or sec others being And we are less likely to lie when we have moral reminders or when we think others are "We as a society need to understand that, when we don"t punish lying, we increase the probability it will happen again," Ariely

In a 20XX study published in the journal Nature Neuroscience, Ariely and colleagues showed how dishonesty alters people"s brains, making it easier to tell lies in the When people uttered a falsehood, the scientists noticed a burst of activity in their The amygdala is a crucial part of the brain that produces fear, anxiety and emotional responses including that sinking, guilty feeling you get when you But when scientists had their subjects play a game- in which they won money by deceiving their partner, they noticed the negative signals from the amygdala began to Not only that, but when people faced no consequences for dishonesty, their falsehoods tended to get even more This means that if you give people multiple opportunities to lie for their own benefit, they start with little lies which get bigger over

Why do some experts consider lying a milestone in a child"s development?

A) It shows they have the ability to view complex situations from different

B) It indicates they have an ability more remarkable than crawling and

C) It represents their ability to actively interact with people around

D) It involves the coordination of both their mental and physical

Why does the Harvard neuroscientist say that lying takes work?

A) It is hard to choose from several

B) It is difficult to sound natural or

C) It requires speedy blood flow into one"s

D) It involves lots of sophisticated mental

Under what circumstances do people tend to lie?

A) When they become too

B) When they face too much peer

C) When the temptation is too

D) When the consequences are not

When are people less likely to lie?

A) When they are worm out and

B) When they are under watchful

C) When they think in a rational

D) When they have a clear

What does the author say will happen when a liar does not get punished?

A) They may feel

B) They will tell bigger

C) They will become

D) They may mix lies and

Passage Two

Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following

Here"s how the Pacific Northwest is preparing for "The Big One". It"s the mother of all disaster drills for what could be the worst disaster in American California has spent years preparing for "The Big One" -- the inevitable earthquake that will undoubtedly unleash all kinds of havoc along the famous San Andreas fault (断层). But what if the fault that runs along the Pacific Northwest delivers a gigantic earthquake of its own? If the people of the Cascadia region have anything to do with it, they won"t be caught

The region is engaged in a multi-day earthquake-and-tsunami(海啸) drill involving around 20,000 The Cascadia Rising drill gives area residents and emergency responders a chance to practice what to do in case of a earthquake and tsunami along one of the nation"s dangerous -- and underestimated --

The Cascadia Earthquake Zone is big enough to compete with San Andreas (it"s been called the most dangerous fault in America), but it"s much lesser known than its California Nearly 700 miles long, the earthquake zone is located by the North American Plate off the coast of Pacific British Columbia, Washington, Oregon and Northern

Cascadia is what"s known as a "megathrust" Megathrusts are created in earthquake zones-land plate boundaries where two plates In the areas where one plate is beneath another, stress builds up over During a megathrust event, all of that stress releases and some of the world"s most powerful earthquakes Remember the earthquake and tsunami in the Indian Ocean off Sumatra in 20XX? It was caused by a megathrust event as the India plate moved beneath the Burma

The last time a major earthquake occurred along the Cascadia fault was in 1700, so officials worry that another event could occur any To prevent that event from becoming a catastrophe, first responders will join members of the public in rehearsals that involve communication, evacuation, search and rescue, and other

Thousands of casualties are expected if a earthquake were to First, the earthquake would shake metropolitan areas including Seattle and This could trigger a tsunami that would create havoc along the Not all casualties can necessarily be prevented -- but by coordinating across local, state, and even national borders, officials hope that the worst-case scenario can be On the exercise"s website, officials explain that the report they prepare during this rehearsal will inform disaster management for years to

For hundreds of thousands of Cascadia residents, "The Big One" isn"t a question of if, only And it"s never too early to get ready for the

What does "The Big One" refer to?

A) A gigantic geological

B) A large-scale exercise to prepare for

C) A massive natural

D) A huge tsunami on the California

What is the purpose of the Cascadia Rising drill?

A) To prepare people for a major earthquake and

B) To increase residents" awareness of imminent

C) To teach people how to adapt to post-disaster

D) To cope with the aftermath of a possible

What happens in case of a megathrust earthquake according to the passage?

A) Two plates merge into

B) A variety of forces

C) Boundaries blur between

D) Enormous stress is

What do the officials hope to achieve through the dills?

A) Coordinating various disaster-relief

B) Reducing casualties in the event of a

C) Minimizing property loss caused by

D) Establishing disaster and emergency

What does the author say about "The Big One"?

A) Whether it will occur remains to be

B) How it will arrive is too early to

C) Its occurrence is just a matter of

D) It keeps haunting Cascadia

历年英语真题 第4篇

一、听力答题技巧

备考长对话时，可参考以下几点技巧：

长对话出题的顺序和文章的顺序一致，因此在听力开始前应当充分利用空隙时间迅速浏览四个选项，了解对话大意，做到有的放矢。

和听力短文非常相似，长对话在文章开始时就点明文章大意，而且考题中也会考查文章的主题，因此考生在考试时应当集中注意力抓住主题。

点明主题后，随后的部分围绕这一主题展开，每个方面的论述类似短对话的问答形式，考试的重点往往落在回答中，因此考生如果能掌握短对话各种题型特点和应试技巧，那么对这类题目就会轻车熟路了。

长对话内容比较，题量也比较大，因此适当地做些笔记是非常有必要的。

二、阅读答题技巧

先看题干，带着问题读文章

应把短文后的所有题干都看到，掌握问题的类型，并且暂时不看选择项(除要求判断说法是否符合原文的题目外)，以免受选择项干扰，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读。

以题干需求、文章大意为目标，速读全文

关注两点，一个是题干需求。另一个是文章大意。

研究选项，逐题作答

先前为了避免干扰没有看选项，现在我们4个选项都要看完，千万不要认为某个答案正确就匆忙做出决定，而不看其他选项。

深层理解题，比较各题

答完题后，要进行复查，复查时可以先读短文后检验答案，也可以把答案与短文对照起来检查。

历年英语真题 第5篇

Part I Writing (30 minutes)

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the following You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180

Suppose a foreign friend of yours is coming to visit your hometown, what is the most interesting place you would like to take him/her to see and why?

Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)

Section A

Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only After each question there will be a During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。

A) See a doctor about her strained

B) Use a ladder to help her reach the

C) Replace the cupboard with a new

D) Place the tea on a lower shelf next

A) At Mary Johnson’ C) In an exhibition

B) At a painter’s D) Outside an art

A) The teacher evaluated lacks teaching

B) She does not quite agree with what the man

C) The man had better talk with the students

D) New students usually cannot offer a fair

A) He helped Doris build up the

B) Doris helped him arrange the

C) Doris fixed up some of the

D) He was good at assembling

A) He doesn’t get on with the C) He has been taken for a

B) He doesn’t feel at ease in the D) He has found a better

A) They should finish the work as soon as

B) He will continue to work in the garden

C) He is tired of doing gardening on

D) They can hire a gardener to do the

A) The man has to get rid of the used

B) The man’s apartment is ready for

C) The furniture is covered with lots of

D) The furniture the man bought is

A) The man will give the mechanic a

B) The woman is waiting for a

C) The woman is doing some

D) The man knows the mechanic very

Questions 9 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just

A) She had a job interview to

B) She was busy finishing her

C) She had to attend an important

D) She was in the middle of writing an

A) Accompany her roommate to the

B) Hand in her roommate’s application

C) Submit her roommate’s

D) Help her roommate with her

A) Where Ellis’s office is C) Directions to the classroom

B) When Ellis leaves his D) Ellis’s schedule for the

Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just

A) He finds it rather C) He can handle it quite

B) He is thinking of quitting D) He has to work extra

A) The 6:00 C) The 7:00

B) The 6:30 D) The 7:30

A) It is an awful waste of

B) He finds it rather

C) The time on the train is

D) It is something difficult to get used

A) Reading C) Listening to the daily

B) Chatting with D) Planning the day’s

Section B

Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short At the end of each passage, you will hear some Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。

Passage One

Questions 16 to 18 are based on the conversation you have just

A) Ignore small details while

B) Read at least several chapters at one

C) Develop a habit of reading

D) Get key information by reading just once or

A) Choose one’s own system of

B) Underline the key words and

C) Make as few marks as

D) Highlight details in a red

A) By reading the textbooks carefully

B) By reviewing only the marked

C) By focusing on the notes in the

D) By comparing notes with their

Passage Two

Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just

A) The sleep a person needs varies from day to

B) The amount of sleep for each person is

C) One can get by with a couple of hours of

D) Everybody needs some sleep for

A) It is a made-up C) It is a rare

B) It is beyond D) It is due to an

A) His extraordinary physical

B) His mother’s injury just before his

C) The unique surroundings of his living

D) The rest he got from sitting in a rocking

Passage Three

Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just

A) She invested in stocks and shares on Wall

B) She learned to write for financial

C) She developed a strong interest in

D) She tenderly looked after her sick

A) She made a wise investment in real

B) She sold the restaurant with a substantial

C) She got million dollars from her

D) She inherited a big fortune from her

A) She was extremely mean with her

B) She was dishonest in business

C) She frequently ill-treated her

D) She abused animals including her pet

A) She made a big fortune from wise

B) She built a hospital with her mother’s

C) She made huge donations to

D) She carried on her family’s

Section C

Direction: In the section, you will hear a passage three When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。

Among the kinds of social gestures most significant for second-language teachers are those which are (26)______ in form but different in meaning in the two For example, a Colombian who wants someone to (27)______ him often signals with a hand movement in which all the fingers of one hand, cupped, point downward as they move rapidly (28) Speakers or English have a similar gesture through the hand may not be cupped and the fingers may be held more loosely, but for them the gesture means goodbye or go away, quite the (29)______ of the Colombian Again, in Colombian, a speaker of English would have to know that when he (30)________ height he most choose between different gestures depending on whether he is (31)_______ a human being or an If he keeps the palm of the hand (32)_________ the floor, as he would in his own culture when making known the height of a child, for example, he will very likely be greeted by laughter, in Colombia this gesture is (33)_________ for the description of In order to describe human beings he should keep the palm of his hand (34)_________ to the Substitutions of one gesture for the other often create not only humorous but also (35)________ In both of the examples above, speakers from two different cultures have the same gesture, physically, but its meaning differs

Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)

Section A

Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the Read the passage through carefully before making your Each choice in the bank is identified by a Please mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the You may not use any of the words in the bank more than

Questions 36 to 45 are based on the following

Many Brazilians cannot In 20XX, a quarter of those aged 15 and older were functionally illiterate (文盲). Many 36 do not want Only one literate adult in three reads The 37 Brazilian reads non-academic books a year, less than half the figure in Europe and the United In a recent survey .of reading habits, Brazilians came 27th out of 30 Argentines, their neighbors, 38

The government and businesses are all struggling in different ways to change On March 13 the government 39 a National Plan for Books and This seeks to boost reading, by founding libraries and financing publishers among other

One discouragement to reading is that books are 40 . Most books have small print-runs, pushing up their

But Brazilians" indifference to books has deeper Centuries of slavery meant the counties leaders long 41 Primary schooling became universal only in the

All this me Brazil’s book market has the biggest growth 42 in the western

But reading is a difficult habit to Brazilians bought fewer books in 20XX, 89 million, including textbooks 43 by the government, than they did in Last year the director of Brazil"s national library 44 . He complained that he had half the librarians he needed and termites (白蚁） had eaten much of the 45 . That ought to be a cause for national

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

A)average

B)collection

C)distributed

D)exhibition

E)expensive

F)launched

G)named

H)neglected

I) normal

J) particularly

K) potential

L) quit

M) ranked

N) simply

O) treasured

Section B

Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs Identify the paragraph from which the information is You may choose a paragraph more than Each paragraph is marked with a Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet

The Touch-Screen Generation

A) On a chilly day last spring, a few dozen developers of children’s apps（应用程序）for phones and tablets（平板电脑）gathered at an old beach resort in Monterey, California, to show off their The gathering was organized by Warren Buckleitner, a longtime reviewer of interactive children’s Buckleitner spent the breaks testing whether his own remote-control helicopter could reach the hall"s second story, while various children who had come with their parents looked up in awe（敬畏）and But mostly they looked down, at the iPads and other tablets displayed around the hall like so many open boxes of I walked around and talked with developers, and several quoted a famous saying of Maria Montessori’s, “The hands are the instruments of man’s ”

B) What, really, would Maria Montessori have made of this scene? The 30 or so children here were not down at the shore poking（戳）their fingers in the sand or running them along stones or picking Instead they were all inside, alone or in groups of two or three, their faces a few inches from a screen, their hands doing things Montessori surely did not

C) In 20XX, the American Academy of Pediatrics updated its policy on very young children and In 1999, the group had discouraged television viewing for children younger than 2, citing research on brain development that showed this age group’s critical need for “direct interactions with parents and other significant care ” The updated report began by acknowledging that things had changed significantly since In 20XX, 90% of parents said that their children younger than 2 consumed some form of electronic Nevertheless, the group took largely the same approach it did in 1999, uniformly discouraging passive media use, on any type of screen, for these (For older children, the academy noted, “high-quality programs” could have “educational ”) The 20XX report mentioned “smart cell phone” and “new screen” technologies, but did not address interactive Nor did it bring up the possibility that has likely occurred to those 90% of American parents that some good mightcome from those little swiping（在电子产品上刷）

D) I had come to the developers’ conference partly because I hoped that this particular set of parents, enthusiastic as they were about interactive media, might help me out of this problem, that they might offer some guiding principle for American parents who are clearly never going to meet the academy’s ideals, and at some level do not want Perhaps this group would be able to express clearly some benefits of the new technology that the more cautious doctors weren’t ready to

E) I fell into conversation with a woman who had helped develop Montessori Letter Sounds, an app that teaches preschoolers the Montessori methods of She was a former Montessori teacher and a mother of I myself have three children who are all fans of the touch What games did her kids like to play, I asked, hoping for suggestions I could take

“They don’t play all that ”

Really? Why not?

“Because I don’t allow We have a rule of no screen time during the week, unless it’s clearly

”

No screen time? None at all? That seems at the outer edge of restrictive, even by the standards of

overcontrolling

“On the weekends, they can I give them a limit of half an hour and then ”

F) Her answer so surprised me that I decided to ask some of the other developers who were also parents what their domestic ground rules for screen time One said only on airplanes and long car Another said Wednesdays and weekends, for half an The most permissive said half an hour a day, which was about my rule at At one point I sat with one of the biggest developers of e-book apps for kids, and his The small kid was starting to fuss in her high chair, so the mom stuck an iPad in front of her and played a short movie so everyone else could enjoy their When she saw me watching, she gave me the universal tense look of mothers who feel they are being “At home,” she assured me, “I only let her watch movies in ’’

G) By their reactions, these parents made me understand the problem of our age: as technology becomes almost everywhere in our American parents are becoming more, not less, distrustful of what it might be doing to their Technological ability has not, for parents, translated into comfort and On the one hand, parents want their children to swim expertly in the digital stream that they will have to navigate（航行）all their lives; on the other hand, they fear that too much digital media, too early, will sink Parents end up treating tablets as precision surgical（外科的）instruments, devices that might perform miracles for their child"s IQ and help him win some great robotics competition—but only if they are used just Otherwise, their child could end up one of those sad, pale creatures who can’t make eye contact and has a girlfriend who lives only in the virtual

H) Norman Rockwell, a 20th-century artist, never painted Boy Swiping Finger on Screen, and our own vision of a perfect childhood has never been adjusted to accommodate that now-common Add to that our modern fear that every parenting decision may have lasting consequences - that every minute of enrichment lost or mindless entertainment indulged（放纵的）will add up to some permanent handicap（障碍）in the future—and you have deep guilt and To date, no body of research has proved that the iPad will make your preschooler smarter or teach her to speak Chinese, or alternatively that it will rust her nervous system the device has been out for only three years, not much more than the time it takes some academics to find funding and gather research So what is a parent to do?

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。

The author attended the conference, hoping to find some guiding principles for parenting in the electronic

American parents are becoming more doubtful about the benefits technology is said to bring to their

Some experts believe that human intelligence develops by the use of

The author found a former Montessori teacher exercising strict control over her kids, screen

Research shows interaction with people is key to babies’ brain

So far there has been no scientific proof of the educational benefits of

American parents worry that overuse of tablets will create problems with their kids’ interpersonal

The author expected developers of children"s apps to specify the benefits of the new

The kids at the gathering were more fascinated by the iPads than by the

The author permits her children to use the screen for at most half an hour a

Section C

Directions: There are 2 passages in this Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the

Passage One

Questions 56 to 60 are based on the following

When young women were found to make only 82 percent of what their male peers do just one year out of college, many were at a loss to explain

All the traditional reasons put forward to interpret the pay gap—that women fall behind when they leave the workforce to raise kids, for example, or that they don’t seek as many management roles—failed to justify this These young women didn’t have kids And because they were just one year removed from their undergraduate degrees, few of these women yet had the chance to go after (much less decline) leadership

But there are other reasons why the pay gap remains so The first is that no matter how many women may be getting college degrees, the university experience is still an unequal The second is that our higher education system is not designed to focus on the economic consequences of our students’ years on

Now that women arc the majority of college students and surpass men in both the number of undergraduate and advanced degrees awarded, one might think the college campus is a pretty equal It is Studies show that while girls do better than boys in high school, they start to trail off during their college They enroll in different kinds of classes, tend to major in less rigorous（非常严格的）subjects, and generally head off with less ambitious

As a result, it"s not surprising that even the best educated young women enter the workplace with a slight Their college experience leaves them somewhat confused, still stumbling（栽倒）over the dilemmas their grandmothers" generation sought to Are they supposed to be pretty or smart? Strong or sexy（性感的）? All their lives, today"s young women have been pushed to embrace both perfection and passion to pursue science and sports, math and theater and do it all as well as they possibly No wonder they are not negotiating for higher salaries as soon as they get out of They are too exhausted, and too scared of

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

Traditionally, it is believed that women earn less than men

A) they have failed to take as many rigorous courses

B) they do not feel as fit for management roles

C) they feel obliged to take care of their kids at home

D) they do not exhibit the needed leadership qualities

What does the author say about America"s higher education system?

A) It does not offer specific career counseling to

B) It does not consider its economic impact on

C) It does not take care of women students" special

D) It does not encourage women to take rigorous

What does the author say about today"s college experience?

A) It is different for male and female

B) It is not the same as that of earlier

C) It is more exhausting than most women

D) It is not so satisfying to many American

What does the author say about women students in college?

A) They have no idea how to bring out their

B) They drop a course when they find it too

C) They are not as practical as men in choosing

D) They don"t perform as well as they did in high

How does the author explain the pay gap between men and women fresh from college?

A) Women arc too worn out to be

B) Women are not ready to take management

C) Women are caught between career and

D) Women are not good at negotiating

Passage Two

Questions 61 to 65 are based on the following

Reading leadership literature, you’d sometimes think that everyone has the potential to be an effective

I don’t believe that to be In fact, I sec way fewer truly effective leaders than I see people stuck in positions of leadership who arc sadly incompetent and seriously misguided about their own

Part of the reason this happens is a lack of honest self-assessment by those who aspire to (追求）leadership in the first

We"ve all met the type of individual who simply must take Whether it"s a decision-making session, a basketball game, or a family outing, they can"t help grabbing the lead dog position and clinging on to it for dear They believe they"re natural born

Truth is, they"re nothing of the True leaders don"t assume that it"s their divine（神圣的）right to take charge every time two or more people get Quite the A great leader will assess each situation on its merits, and will only take charge when their position, the situation, and or the needs of the moment demand

Many business executives confuse leadership with They believe that constant motion somehow generates leadership as a Faced with any situation that can’t be solved by the sheer force of activity, they generate a dust cloud of Their one leadership tool is volume: if they think you aren"t working as hard as they think you should, their demands become increasingly louder and

True leaders understand the value of action, of course, but it isn’t their only In fact, it isn’t ever their primary Great leaders see more than everyone else: answers, solutions, patterns, problems, They know it’s vitally important to do, but they also know that thinking, understanding, reflection and interpretation are equally

If you"re too concerned with outcomes to the extent that you manipulate and intimidate others to achieve those outcomes, then you aren"t leading at all, you"re A true leader is someone who develops his or her team so that they can and do hit their targets and achieve their

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2 上作答。

What does the author think of the leaders he knows?

A) Many of them are used to taking

B) Few of them are equal to their

C) Many of them fail to fully develop their

D) Few of them are familiar with leadership

Why are some people eager to grab leadership positions?

A) They believe they have the natural gift to

B) They believe in what leadership literature

C) They have proved competent in many

D They derive great satisfaction from being

What characterizes a great leader according to the author?

A) Being able to take prompt action when chances present

B) Having a whole-hearted dedication to their divine

C) Having a full understanding of their own merits and

D) Being able to assess the situation carefully before taking

How will many business executives respond when their command fails to generate action?

A) They reassess the situation at C) They resort to any tool

B) They become impatient and D) They blame their team

What is the author’s advice to leaders?

A) Concentrate on one specific task at a

B) Use different tools to achieve different

C) Build up a strong team to achieve their

D) Show determination when faced with tough

Part Ⅳ Translation (30 minutes)

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into You should write your answer on Answer Sheet

中国应进一步发展核能，因为核电目前只占其总发电量的2%。该比例在所有核国家中居第3 0位，几乎是最低的。

20XX年3月日本核电站事故后，中国的核能开发停了下来，中止审批新的核电站，并开展全国性的核安全险查。到20XX年10月，审批才又谨慎地恢复。

随着技术和安全措施的改进，发生核事故的可能性完全可以降到最低程度。换句话说，核能是可以安全开发和利用的。

历年英语真题 第6篇

partⅰ listening comprehension (20 minutes) 

section a

directions: in this section, you will hear 10 short at the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what war both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once: after each question there will be a during the pause, you maxi read the four choices marked a), b), c) and d), and decide which is, the best then mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the

example: you will hear:

you will read:

a) at the b) in the waiting c) at the d) in a restaurant

from the conversation we know that the two were talking about some work they had to finish in the this conversation is most likely to have taken place at the therefore, a) "at the office" is the best you should choose [a] on the answer sheet and mark it with a single line through the

sample answer [a] [b] [c] id]

a) they went a long way to attend the

b) they didn"t think much of the food and

c) they knew none of the other guests at the

d) they enjoyed the party better than the other

a) to the c) to the

b) to the dentist" d) to the post

a) andrews has been promoted for his

b) she disagrees with andrews on many

c) andrews used to keep his patients

d) she dislikes andrews as much as the new

a) tom is usually c) tom has dozens of things to attend

b) tom has a very bad d) tom is disliked by his

a) to pickup the woman from the  

b) to make a copy of the schedule for his

c) to find out more about the topic for the  

d) to get the seminar schedule for the

a) the woman has to get the textbooks in other

b) the woman has sold her used textbooks to the

c) the man is going to buy his textbooks from a

d) the man doesn"t want to sell his textbooks to the

a) attend a  

b) give a

c) meet his  

d) make a business

8 a) jessie always says what she  

b) jessie seems to have a lot on her

c) jessie is wrong to find fault with her  

d) jessie should know the marketing director t

a) heien is  

b) helen is  

c) helen is

d) helen is

a) jimmy will regret marrying a  

b) jimmy is not serious in making

c) jimmy is rich enough to buy a big  

d) jimmy"s words are often not

section b

directions: in this section, you will hear 3 short at the end of each passage, you will hear some both the passage and the questions will be spoken only after you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked a), b), c) and d). then mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the

passage one

questions 11 to 13 are based on the passage you have just

a) it can be used by farmers to protect large

b) it was brought to the northern usa by asian

c) it has done more harm than good in the southern

d) it was introduced into the usa to kill harmful

a) people will have to rely on kudzu for a

b) they will soon be overgrown with

c) they will become too hard to

d) people will find it hard to protect the

a) the farmers there have brought it under  

b) the factories there have found a good use for

c) the climate there is unfavorable to its  

d) the soil there is not so suitable for the

passage two

questions 14 to 17 are based on the passage you have just

a) a business  

b) the universe as a  

c) a society of legal [page]

d) an association of teachers and

a) its largest expansion took place during that  

b) its role in society went through a dramatic

c) small universities combined to form bigger

d) provincial colleges were taken over by larger

a) private  

b) government

c) grants from  

d) fees paid by

passage three

questions 18 to 20 are based on the passage you have just

a) he was wounded in the spanish civil  

b) he was interested in the study of wild

c) he started the organization heifer

d) he sold his cows to many countries in the

a) to help starving families to become

b) to make plans for the development of poor

c) to teach people how to use new skills to raise

d) to distribute food to the poor around the

a) they should help other families the way they have been

b) they should offer all baby animals to their poor

c) they should submit a report of their needs and

d) they should provide food for the local

a) it has improved animal breeding skills all over the

b) it has helped relieve hunger in some developing

c) it has promoted international exchange of farming

d) it has bridged the gap between the rich and the poor in

partⅱ reading comprehension (35 minutes)

directions: there are 4 passages in this part, each passage is followed by some questions at unfinished for each of them there are four choices marked a) , b) , c) and d). you should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the

questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage:

interest in pursuing international careers has soared in recent enhanced by chronic (长久的 ) personnel shortages that are causing companies to search beyond their home borders for

professionals seek career experience outside of their home countries for a variety of they may feel the need to recharge their batteries with a new they may want a position with more responsibility that encourages creativity and or they may wish to expose their children to another culture, and the opportunity to learn a second

when applying for a job, one usually has to submit a resume or curriculum vitae (cv). the two terms generally mean the same thing: a one- or two-page document describing one"s educational qualifications and professional however, guidelines for preparing a r6sum6 are constantly the best advice is to find out what is appropriate regarding the corporate (公司) culture, the country culture, and the culture of the person making the hiring the challenge will be to embrace two or more cultures in one the following list is a good place to

"educational requirements differ from country to in almost every case of "cross- border" job hunting, just stating the title of your degree will not bean adequate provide the reader with details about your studies and any related " daohangtigong

pay attention to the resume format you use-chronological or reverse-chronological chronological order means listing your "oldest" work experience reverse-chronological order means listing your current or most recent experience most countries have preferences about which format is most if you find no specific the general preference is for the reverse-chronological "

if you are submitting your resume in english, find out if the recipient （收件人) uses british english or american english because there are variations between the two for example, university education is often referred to as "tertiary education" in the united kingdom, but this term is almost never used in the united a reader who is unfamiliar with these variations may assume that your resume contains [page]

companies are hiring more foreign employees because

a) they find foreign employees are usually more talented

b) they need original ideas from employees hired overseas

c) they want to expand their business beyond home borders

d) they have difficulty finding qualified personnel at home

the author believes that an individual who applies to work overseas

a) is usually creative and full of initiative

b) aims to improve his foreign language skills

c) is dissatisfied with his own life at home

d) seeks either his own or his children"s development

when it comes to resume writing, it is best to

a) take cultural factors into consideration

b) learn about the company"s hiring process

c) follow appropriate guidelines for job hunting

d) know the employer"s personal likes and dislikes

when writing about qualifications, applicants are advised to

a) stress their academic potential to impress the decision maker

b) give the title of the university degree they have earned at home

c) provide a detailed description of their study and work experiences

d) highlight their keen interest in pursuing a "cross-border" career

according to the author"s last piece of advice, the applicants should be aware of

a) the different educational systems in the us and the uk

b) the differences between the varieties of english

c) the recipient"s preference with regard to the format

d) the distinctive features of american and british cultures

questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage:

educating girls quite possibly yields a higher rate of return than any other investment available in the developing women"s education may be unusual territory for economists, but enhancing women"s contribution to development is actually as much an economic as a social and economics, with its emphasis on incentives (激励), provides guideposts that point to an explanation for why so many girls are deprived of an

parents in low-income countries fail to invest in their daughters because they do not expect them to make an economic contribution to the family: girls grow up only to marry into somebody else"s family and bear girls are thus seen as less valuable than boys and art kept at home to do housework while their brothers are sent to school - the prophecy （预言) becomes self- fulfilling, trapping women in a vicious circle (恶性循环) of

an educated mother, on the other hand, has greater earning abilities outside the home and faces an entirely different set of she is likely to have fewer but healthier children and can insist on the development of all her children, ensuring that her daughters are given a fair the education of her daughters then makes it much more likely that the next generation of girls, as well as of boys, will be educated and the vicious circle is thus transformed into a virtuous

few will dispute that educating women has great social but it has enormous economic advantages as most obviously, there is the direct effect of education on the wages of female wages rise by 10 to 20 per cent for each additional year of such big returns are impressive by the standard of other available investments, but they are just the educating women also has a significant impact on health practices, including family

the author argues that educating girls in developing countries is

a) troublesome 

b) labor-saving 

c) rewarding

d) expensive

by saying " the prophecy becomes self-fulfilling " (lines 2). the author means that

a) girls will turn out to be less valuable than boys

b) girls will be capable of realizing their own dreams

c) girls will eventually find their goals in life beyond reach

d) girls will be increasingly discontented with their life at home

the author believes that a vicious circle can turn into a virtuous circle when[page]

a) women care more about education

b) girls can gain equal access to education

c) a family has fewer but healthier children

d) parents can afford their daughters" education

what does the author say about women"s education?

a) it deserves greater attention than other social

b) it is now given top priority in many developing

c) it will yield greater returns than other known

d) it has aroused the interest of a growing number of

7be passage mainly discusses

a) unequal treatment of boys and girls in developing countries

b) the potential earning power of well-educated women

c) the major contributions of educated women to society

d) the economic and social benefits of educating women

passage three 

questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage:

speeding off in a stolen car, the thief thinks he has got a great but he is in for an unwelcome the car is fitted with a remote immobiliser (锁止器), and a radio signal from a control centre miles away will ensure that once the thief switches the engine off, he will not be able to start it

the idea goes like a control box fitted to the car contains a mini-cellphone, a micro- processor and memory, and a gps (全球定位系统) satellite positioning ff the car is stolen, a coded cellphone signal will tell the control centre to block the vehicle"s engine management system and prevent the engine being daoahngtigong

in the uk, a set of technical fixes is already making life harder for car "the pattern of vehicle crime has changed," says martyn randall, a security he says it would only take him a few minutes to teach a person how to steal a car, using a bare minimum of but only if the car is more than 10 years

modern cars are far tougher to steal, as their engine management computer won"t allow them to start unless they receive a unique id code beamed out by the ignition (点火) in the uk, technologies like this have helped achieve a 31% drop in vehicle-related crime since

but determined criminals are still managing to find other ways to steal cars, often by getting bold of the owner"s and key theft is responsible for 40% of the thefts of vehicles fitted with a tracking

if the car travels 100 metres without the driver confirming their id, the system will send a signal to an operations centre that it has been the hundred metres minimum avoids false alarms due to inaccuracies in the gps

staff at the centre will then contact the owner to confirm that the car really is missing, and keep police informed of the vehicle"s movements via the car"s gps

what"s the function of the remote immobilizer fitted to a car?

a) to help the police make a surprise attack on the car

b) to allow the car to lock automatically when

c) to prevent the car thief from restarting it once it

d) to prevent car theft by sending a radio signal to the car

by saying "the pattern of vehicle crime has changed" (lines 3). martyn randall suggests that

a) it takes a longer time for the car thief to do the stealing

b) self-prepared tools are no longer enough for car theft

c) the thief has to make use of computer technology

d) the thief has lost interest in stealing cars over 10 years old

what is essential in making a modem car tougher to steal?

a) a coded ignition c) a special cellphone

b) a unique id d) a gps satellite positioning

why does the tracking system set a 100-metre minimum before sending an alarm to the operations centre?

a) to leave time for the operations centre to give an

b) to keep police informed of the car"s

c) to give the driver time to contact the operations

d) to allow for possible errors in the gps

what will the operations centre do first after receiving an alarm?[page]

a) start the tracking

b) contact the car  

c) block the car

d) locate the missing

passage four 

questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage:

psychiatrists 精神病专家) who work with older parents say that maturity can be an asset in child rearing - older parents are more thoughtful, use less physical discipline and spend more time with their but raising kids takes money and many older parents find themselves balancing their limited financial resources, declining energy and failing health against the growing demands of an active dying and leaving young children is probably the older parents" biggest, and often unspoken, having late-life children, says an economics often means parents, particularly fathers, "end up retiring much " for many, retirement becomes an unobtainable

henry a 54-year-old journalist, knows it takes money to raise but he"s also worried that his energy will give out sure, he can still ride bikes with his athletic fifth grader, but he"s learned that young at heart doesn"t mean lately he"s been taking afternoon naps (午睡) daohang to keep up his "my body is aging," says "you can"t get away from "

often, older parents hear the ticking of another kind of biological therapists who work with middle-aged and older parents say fears about aging are nothing to laugh "they worry they"ll be mistaken for grandparents, or that they"ll need help getting up out of those little chairs in nursery school," says joann galst, a new york but at the core of those little fears there is often a much bigger one: "that they won"t be alive long enough to support and protect their child," she

many late-life parents, though, say their children came at just the right after marrying late and undergoing years of fertilily (受孕) treatment, marilyn nolen and her randy, had "we both wanted children," says marilyn, who was 55 when she gave the twins have given the couple what they desired for years, "a sense of " kids of older dads are often smarter, happier and more sociable because their fathers are more involved in their "the dads are older, more mature," says silber, "and more ready to focus on "

why do psychiatrists regard maturity as an asset in child rearing?

a) older parents are often better prepared

b) older parents can take better care of their

c) older parents are usually more experienced in bringing up their

d) older parents can better balance their resources against children"s

what does the author mean by saying "for many, retirement becomes an unobtainable dream" (lines 7-8, 1)?

a) they are reluctant to retire when they reach their retirement

b) they can"t obtain the retirement benefits they have dreamed

c) they can"t get full pension unless they work some extra

d) they have to go on working beyond their retirement

the author gives the example of henry metcalf to show that

a) older parents should exercise more to keep up with their athletic children

b) many people are young in spirit despite their advanced age

c) older parents tend to be concerned about their aging bodies

d) taking afternoon naps is a good way to maintain energy

what"s the biggest fear of older parents according to new york psychologist joan galst?

a) approaching of c) being laughed at by other

b) slowing down of their pace of d) being mistaken for

what do we learn about marilyn and randy nolen?

a) they thought they were an example of successful fertility

b) not until they reached middle age did they think of having

c) not until they had the twins did they feel they had formed a

d) they believed that children born of older parents would be [page]

part iii vocabulary (20 minutes)

directions: there are 30 incomplete sentences it: this for each sentence there are four choices marked a), b), c) and d). choose cite one answer that best completes the then mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the

people"s expectations about the future may have more influence on their sense of well-being than their state

a) current 

b) initial 

c) modern

d) primitive

after working all day, he was so tired that he was in no to go to the party with

a) taste 

b) mood

c) sense

d) emotion

there is already clear to show that plants and animals are being affected by climate

a) witness 

b) certification 

c) identity

d) evidence

many women still feel that they are being by a male culture, particularly in the professional services

a) held back 

b) held forth 

c) held on

d) held out

the findings paint a unique picture of the shopping habits of customers, plus their motivation and

a) privileges 

b) possibilities 

c) possessions

d) preferences

it"s good to know that quite a few popular english expressions actually from the

a) acquire 

b) obtain

c) derive

d) result

tom, did it ever to you that you would be punished for cheating on exams?

a) happen 

b) occur 

c) reflect

d) strike

in the us, 88 percent of smokers had started before they were 18, despite the fact that it is to sell

cigarettes to anyone under that

a) liable 

b) liberal 

c) irrational

d) illegal

according to the key witnesses, a peculiarly big nose is the criminal"s most memorable facial

a) feature 

b) hint 

c) spot

d) signature

brarll"s constitution the military use of nuclear

a) withdraws 

b) forbids 

c) interrupts

d) objects

some people argue that the death does not necessarily reduce the number of

a) plot 

b) practice 

c) penalty

d) pattern

many personnel managers say it is getting harder and harder to honest applicants from the growing number of dishonest

a) distinguish 

b) disguise 

c) dissolve

d) discount

a study shows that students living in non-smoking dorms are less likely to the habit of

a) make up 

b) turn up 

c) draw up

d) pickup

almost all job applicants are determined to leave a good on a potential

a) illusion 

b) reputation 

c) impression

d) reflection

a special feature of education at mit is the opportunity for students and faculty to together

in research

a) specialize 

b) participate 

c) consist

d) involve

although they lost their jobs, savings and unemployment benefits allow the couple to

their comfortable

a) come in for 

b) catch up with 

c) look forward to

d) hold on to

although many experts agree that more children are overweight, there is debate over the best ways to

the

a) relate 

b) tackle 

c) file

d) attach

an important factor in determining how well you perform in an examination is the of your

a) state 

b) case 

c) situation

d) circumstance

research shows that there is no relationship between how much a person earns and whether he feels good about

a) successive 

b) subsequent 

c)significant

d) sincere

sadly, as spending on private gardens has , spending on public parks has generally  

a) heightened 

b) lifted 

c) flown

d) soared

lung cancer, like some other cancers, often doesn"t produce until it is too late and has spread beyond the chest to the brain, liver or

a) trails 

b) therapies 

c) symptoms

d) symbols

with the increasing unemployment rate, workers who are 50 to 60 years old are usually the first to be

a) laid off 

b) laid aside 

c) laid out

d) laid up

the physical differences between men and women can be directly to our basic n as hunters and

a) pursued 

b) traced 

c) switched

d) followed

it is clear that the dog has a much greater of its brain devoted to smell than is the case with

a) composition [page]

b) compound 

c) percent

d) proportion

american college students are increasingly with credit card debt and the consequences can be rather

a) boosted 

b) burdened 

c) discharged

d) dominated

numerous studies already link the first meal of the day to better classroom

a) performance 

b) function

c) behavior 

d) display

the most successful post-career athletes are those who can take the identity and fife skills the learned in sports and them to another area of

a) utilize 

b) employ 

c) apply

d) exert

the technological advances made it possible for the middle classes to enjoy what had once been only to the very

a) manageable 

b) measurable 

c) acceptable

d) affordable

being out of work, lane can no longer friends to dinners and movies as she used

a) urge 

b) treat 

c) appeal

d) compel

by the superstars on television, the young athletes trained hard and played

a) imitated 

b) imposed 

c) insured

d) inspired

part iv cloze (15 minutes)

directions: there are 20 blanks in the following for each blank there are jour choices marked a). b). c) and d) on the right side of the you should choose the one that best fits into the then mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the

the part of the environmental movement that draws my firm"s attention is the design of buildings and when we designed america"s first so-called "green" office building in new york two decades 7l_, we felt very but today, thousands of people come to green building conferences, and the 72 that buildings can be good for people and the environment will be increasingly influential in years to 73 .

back in 1984 we discovered that most manufactured products for decoration weren"t designed for 74 the "energy-efficient" sealed commercial buildings constructed after the 1970s energy crisis 75 indoor air quality problems caused by materials such as paint, wall covering and so far 20 we"ve been focusing on these materials 76 to the molecules, looking for ways to make them 77 for people and the

home builders can now use materials-such as paints that release significantly _78_ amounts of organic compounds -that don"t 79 the quality of the air, water, or 80_, our basic design strategy is focused not simply on being "less bad" but on creating 81 healthful materials that can be either safely returned to the soil _82_ reused by industry again and as a matter of _83, the world"s largest carpet manufacturer has already _ 84_"_ a carpet that is fully and safely recyclable (可循环用的).

look at it this way: no one __85 out to create a building that destroys the but our current industrial systems are } 86 causing these conditions, whether we like it or so 87_ of simply trying to reduce the damage, we are _88_ a positive we"re giving people high-quality, healthful products and an opportunity to make choices that have a 89 effect on the it"s not just the building industry, 90_ cities are taking these environmentally positive approaches to design, planning and portland, seattle and boston have said they want to be green chicago wants to be the greenest city in the

a) ago b) off c) before d) away

a) practice b) outlook c) idea d) scheme

a) go b) come c) arrive d) continue

a) indoor b) inward c) relevant d) flexible

a) displayed b) discovered c) exhibited d) revealed

a) back b) down c) next d) near

a) comfortable b) cautious c) safe d) stable

a) reduced b) revised c) descended d) delayed

a) deny b) depress c) dissolve d) destroy

a) besides b) however c) anyhow d) anyway

a)partially b) exactly c) completely d) superficially

)or b)and c) but d) nor

a) interest b) fact c) principle d) course

a) sketched b) constructed c) researched d) developed[page]

a) starts b) pulls c) looks d) makes

a) basically b) originally c) traditionally d) inevitably

a) because b) out c) instead d) regardless

a) adjusting b) admitting c) adopting d) adapting

a) functional b) beneficial c) precious d) sensible

a) entire b) total c) full d) complete

part writing (30 minutes)

directions: for this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a poster recruiting you should write at least 120 words following the outline given below:

历年英语真题 第7篇

Part I Writing (30 minutes)

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter to a foreign friend who wants to study in Please recommend a university to You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)

说明：由于20XX年12月四级考试全国共考了两套听力, 本套真题听力与前两套内容相同, 只是选项顺序不同, 因此在本套真题中不再重复出现。

Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)

Section A

Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the Read the passage through carefully before making your Each choice in the bank is identified by a Please mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the You may not use any of the words in the bank more than

Millions of people travel by plane every single If you"re planning on being one of them soon, you might not be looking forward to the __26__ feeling air travel often leaves you Besides the airport crowds and stress, travelling at a high altitude has real efects on the Although the pressure of the cabin is __27__ to prevent altitude sickness, you could still __28__ sleepiness or a The lower oxygen pressure found in an aircraft cabin is __29__ to that at 6,000-8,000 feet of A drop in oxygen pressure can cause headaches in certain __30__ To help prevent headaches, drink plenty of water, and avoid alcohol and

Aiplane food might not really be as tateless as you __31__ The air you breathe in a plane dries out your mouth and nose, which can affect your sense of Perception of sweet and salty foods dropped by almost 30 percent in a simulation of air However, you can make your taste buds active again by drinking A dry mouth may __32__ taste sensitivity, but taste is restored by drinking

Although in-flight infections __33__ in dry environments like airplanes, your risk of getting sick from an airplane is actually low because of the air __34__ Unless you "re stting next to someone who is coughing or sneezing, you shouldn"t worry too much about getting However, bacteria have been shown to live on cabin surfaces, so wash your hands

A) adjusted

B) channels

C) equivalent

D) experience

E) filters

F) frequently

G) individuals

H) originally

I) particular

J) primarily

K) reduce

L) renovated

M) smooth

N) thrive

O) unpleasant

Section B

Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs Identify the paragraph from which the information is You may choose a paragraph more than Each paragraph is marked with a Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet

A south Korean city designed for the future takes on a life of its own

A) Getting around a city is one thing -- and then there"s the matter of getting from one city to One vision of the perfect city of the future: a place that offers easy access to air 20XX, a University of North Carolina business professor named John Kasarda published a book called Aerotropolis: The Way We"ll Live Kasarda says future cities should be built intentionally around or near The idea, as he has put it, is to offer businesses "rapid, long-distance connectivity on a massive "

B) "The 18th century really was a waterborne century, the 19th century a rail century, the 20th century a highway, car, truck century -- and the 21st century will increasingly be an aviation century, as the globe becomes increasingly connected by air," Kasarda , a city built from scratch in South Korea, is one of Kasarda"s prime It has existed for just a few "From the get-go, it was designed on the basis of connectivity and competitiveness," says "The government built the bridge directly from the airport to the Songdo International Business And the surface infrastructure was built in tandem with the new "

C) Songdo is a stone"s throw from South Korea"s Incheon Airport, its main international But it takes a lot more than a nearby airport to be a city of the Just building a place as an "international business district" doesn"t mean it will become Park Yeon Soo conceived this city of the future back in He considers Songdo his "I am a visionary," he years after he imagined the city, Park"s baby is close to 70 percent built, with 36,000 people living in the business district and 90,000 residents in greater It"s about an hour outside Seoul, built on reclaimed tidal flats along the Yellow There"s a Coast Guard building and a tall trade tower, as well as a park, golf course and

D) Chances are you"ve actually seen this Songdo appears in the most famous music video ever to come out of South "Gangnam Style" refers to the fashionable Gangnam district in But some of the video was filmed in "I don"t know if you remember, there was a scene in a subway That was not That was actually Songdo," says Jung Won Son, a professor of urban development at London"s Bartlett School of "Part of the reason to shoot there is that it"s new and "

E) The city was supposed to be a hub for global companies, with employees from all over the But that"s not how it has turned "s reputation is as a futuristic ghost But the reality is more bridge with big, light-blue loops leads into the business In the center of the main road, there"s a long line of flags of the On the corner, there"s a Starbucks and a 7-Eleven -- all of the international brands that you see all over the world

F) The city is not There are mothers pushing strollers, old women with walkers -- even in the middle of the day, when it"s 90 degrees Byun Young-Jin chairs the Songdo real estate association and started selling property here when the first phase of the city opened in He says demand has boomed in the past couple of of his clients are In fact, the developer says, 99 percent of the homes here are sold to Young families move here because the schools are that"s the problem: Songdo has become a popular Korean city -- more popular as a residential area than a business It"s not yet the futuristic international business hub that planners "It"s a great place to And it"s becoming a great place to work," says Scott Summers, the vice president of Gale International, the developer of the The floor-to-ceiling windows of his company"s offices overlook Songdo Central Park, with a canal full of kayaks and paddle Shimmering glass towers line the canal’s

G) "What"s happened is, because we focused on creating that quality of life first, which enabled the residents to live here, what has probably missed the mark is for companies to locate here," he "There needs to be strong economic "The city is still unfinished, and it feels a bit like a theme It doesn"t feel all that There"s a high-tech underground trash disposal Buildings are environmentally Everybody"s television set is connected to a system that streams personalized language or exercise

H) But Star Trek this is And to some of the residents, Songdo feels "I"m, like, in prison for That"s what we call it in the workplace," says a woman in her She doesn"t want to use her name for fear of being fired from her She goes back to Seoul every "I say I"m prison-breaking on Friday "But she has to make the prison break in her own There"s no high-speed train connecting Songdo to Seoul, just over 20 miles

I) The man who first imagined Songdo feels frustrated, Park says he built South Korea a luxury vehicle, "like Mercedes or It"s a good car But we"re waiting for a good driver to "But there are lots of other good cars out there, The world is dotted with futuristic, high-tech cities trying to attract the biggest international

J) Songdo"s backers contend that it"s still early, and business space is filling up -- about 70 percent of finished offices are now Ryan, who teaches urban design at MIT, says Songdo proves a universal "There have been a lot of utopian cities in And the reason we don"t know about a lot of them is that a lot of them have vanished "In other words, when it comes to cities -- or anything else -- it is hard to predict the

Songdo"s popularity lies more in its quality of life than its business

The man who conceived Songdo feels disappointed because it has fallen short of his

A scene in a popular South Korean music video was shot in

Songdo still lacks the financial stimulus for businesses to set up shop

Airplanes will increasingly become the chief means of transportation, according to a

Songdo has ended up diferent from the city it was supposed to

Some of the people who work in Songdo complain about boredom in the

A business professor says that a future city should have easy access to international

According to an urban design professor, it is difficult for city designers to foresce what will happen in the

Park Yeon Soo, who envisioned Songdo, feels a parental connction with the

Section C

Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three When the passage is read for the first time，you should listen carefully for its general the passage is read for the second time，you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just Finally，when the passage is read for the third time，you should check what you have

Passage One

Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following

The fifth largest city in US passed a significant soda tax proposal that will levy (征税) cents per liquid ounce on

Philadelphil"s new measure was approved by a 13 to 4 city council It sets a new bar for similar initiatives across the It is proof that taxes on sugary drinks can win substantial support outside super-liberal Until now, the only city to successfully pass and implement a soda tax was Berkeley, California, in

The tax will apply to regular and diet sodas, as well as other drinks with adder sugar, such as Gatorade and iced It"s expected to raise $410 million over the next five years, most of which will go toward funding a universal pre-kindergarten program for the

While the city council vote was met with applause inside the council room, opponents to the measure, including soda lobbyists, made sharp criticisms and a promise to challenge the tax in

"The tax passed today unfairly singles out beverages — including low —and no-calorie choices," said Lauren Kane, spokeswoman for the American Beverage "But most importantly, it is against the So we will side with the majority of the people of Philadelphia who oppose this tax and take legal action to stop "

An industry-backed anti-tax campaign has spent at least $4 million on The ads criticized the measure, characterizing it as a "grocery tax".

Public health groups applauded the approved tax as step toward fixing certain lasting health issues that plague "The move to recapture a small part of the profits from an industry that pushed a product that contributes to diabetes, obesity and heart disease in poorer communities in order to reinvest in those communities will sure be inspirational to many other places," said Jim Krieger, executive director of Healthy Food "indeed, we are already hearing from some of It"s not "just Berkeley" "

Similar measures in California"s Albany, Oakland, San Francisco and Colorado"s Boulder are becoming hot-button Health advocacy groups have hinted that even more might be

What does the passage say about the newly-approved soda tax in Philadelphia?

A) It will change the lifestyle of many

B) It may encourage other US cities to fllow

C) It will cut soda consumption among low-income

D) It may influence the marketing strategies of the soda

What will the opponents probably do to respond to the soda tax proposal?

A) Bargain with the city

B) Refuse to pay additional

C) Take legal action against

D) Try to win public

What did the industry-backed anti-tax campaign do about the soda tax proposal?

A) It tried to arouse hostile felings among

B) It tried to win grocers" support against the

C) It kept sending ltters of protest to the

D) It criticized the measure through

What did public health groups think the soda tax would do?

A) Alert people to the risk of sugar-induced

B) Help people to fix certain long-time health

C) Add to the fund for their rescarch on

D) Benefit low-income people across the

What do we lear about similar measures concening the soda tax in some other citics?

A) They are becoming rather sensitive

B) They are spreading panic in the soda

C) They are reducing the incidence of sugar-induced

D) They are taking away a lot of proft from the soda

Passage Two

Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following

Popping food into the microwave for a couple of minutes may seem utterly harmless, and Europe"s stock of these quick-cooking ovens emit as much carbon as nearly 7million cars, a new study has found, and the problem is With costs falling and kitchen appliances becoming "status" users, owners are throwing many microwave after an average of eight This is pushing sales of new microwave which are expected to reach 135 million annually in the EU by the end of the

A study by the University of Manchester worked out the emissions of carbon dioxide -- the main greenhouse gas responsible for climate change -- at every stage of microwaves, from manufacture to waste "It is electricity consumption by microwaves that has the biggest impact on the environment," say the authors, who also calculate that the emissions from using 19 microwaves over a year are the same as those from a According to the same study, efforts to reduce consumption should focus on improving consumer awareness and behaviour to use appliances more For example, electricity consumption by microwaves can be reduced by adjusting the time of cooking to the type of "

However, David Reay, professor of carbon management argues that, although microwaves use a great deal of enery, their emissions are minor compared to those from In the UK alone and these emit way more than all the emissions from microwaves in the Backing this up, recent data show that passenger cars in the UK emitted 69m tonnes of CO2 in This is 10 times the amount this new microwave oven study estimates for annual emissions for all the microwave ovens in the whole of the " further, the energy used by microwaves is lower than any other form of Among common kitchen appliances used for cooking, microwaves are the most energy efficient, followed by a stove and finally a standard Thus, rising microwave sales could be seen as a positive

What is the finding of the new study?

A) Quick-cooking microwave ovens have become more

B) The frequent use of microwaves may do harm to our

C) CO2 emissions constitute a major threat to the

D) The use of microwaves emits more CO2 than people

Why are the sales of microwaves expected to rise?

A) They are becoming more

B) They have a shorter life cycle than other

C) They are gtting much easier to

D) They take less tine to cook than other

What recommendation does the study by the University of Manchester make?

A) Cooking food of dfferent

B) Improving microwave users"

C) Eating less to cut energy

D) Using microwave ovens less

What does Professor David Reay try to argue?

A) There are far more emissions from cars than from

B) People should be persuaded into using passenger cars less

C) The UK produces less CO2 than many other countries in the

D) More data are needed to show whether microwaves are

What does Professor David Reay think of the use of microwaves?

A) It will become less popular in the coming

B) It makes everyday cooking much more

C) It plays a positive role in envronmental

D) It consumes more power than conventional

Part IV Translation (30 minutes)

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into You should write your answer on Answer Sheet

中国汉族人的全名由姓和名组成。中文姓名的特点是，姓总是在前，名跟在其后。千百年来，父姓一直世代相传。然而，如今，孩子跟母亲姓并不罕见。一般来说，名有一个或两个汉字，通常承载父母对孩子的愿望。从孩子的名字可以推断出父母希望孩子成为什么样的人，或者期望他们过什么样的生活。父母非常重视给孩子取名，因为名字往往会伴随孩子一生。

四级真题参考答案(完整版)

Part I Writing

Hello Tom,

I"m pretty excited to hear that you are going to pursue a postgraduate degree in economics in If you are still uncertain about which college to apply to, why not go to Renmin University of China (RUC)?

I recommend it mainly because of its academic Today, it is widely recognized for its strengths in the fields of humanities and social

The School of Economics often invites distinguished scholars at home and abroad to academic forums or You will definitely gain new insights into various economic issues by attending them as a Another striking feature of this university is its vibrant campus life, as evidenced by activities such as Fun Sports Games, school orienteering competitions and the annual International Culture You will find them all highly Moreover, RUC is conveniently situated close to bus stops and subway stations, so you can spend your spare time exploring the city of

Of course, it"s totally up to Let me know if you make a final Anyway, welcome to

Yours,

Zhang Lei

Part III Reading Comprehension

26-35：OADCG HKNEF

36-45：FIDGB EHAJC

46-55：BCDBA DABAC

Part IV Translation

The full name of a Han Chinese consists of a family name and a given A distinctive feature of the Chinese name is that the family name always comes first, followed by the given For thousands of years, Chinese family names have been passed down through the Nowadays, however, it is not uncommon for a child to adopt the mother"s family Generally, a given name is made up of one or two characters, usually carrying the parents" wishes for their It can be inferred from the name what kind of person the parents want their child to be, or what kind of life they expect him or her to Chinese parents attach great importance to the choice of their child"s name, as the name tends to accompany the child for his or her entire

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